If you want old-fashioned space opera with religious elements, Christopher Stasheff's Warlock books (and especially the prequels, like Escape Velocity and St. Vidicon to the Rescue) deal with Catholicism a lot.

And the Humanx Commonwealth books by Alan Dean Foster have a United Church, extrapolated as what might happen to the more adaptable schools of human religion if confronted with a friendly alien species which also had adaptable schools of religion. It's a major presence, not so much as a faith but as a powerful institution, sort of what would happen if the Unitarian Universalists became a major world/galactic power and the dominant religion; several important minor characters are clerics.

I wish I could come up with more but I've looked before and it's relatively hard to find any, especially non-Christian.